Physostigmine CAS 57-47-6 Powder

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Physostigmine Powder Usage and Synthesis:

Physostigmine is an alkaloid found in about 0.1% of the seeds of the lentil, a legume from western Africa, obtained from the lentil by J. Jobst and O. Hesse in 1864. Colorless or slightly yellowish shiny crystals or powder. Gradually changes to light red when exposed to air or sunlight for a long time. Melting point 186℃~187℃. As a chemical reagent, it is slightly soluble in water and can be solved in ethanol, benzene, chloroform or fatty oil. It can inhibit cholinesterase and cause organism poisoning, and is a kind of parasympathetic stimulant with poisoning symptoms such as neurotoxic agent. If you apply this ophthalmic ointment at night, it can prevent the eye pressure from rising at night. It is often used interchangeably with maurobrine in the treatment of acute glaucoma. Eye drops of this product mainly produce pupil constriction and modulate spasm.

Pharmacokinetics of Physostigmine Powder:

The crystals of physostigmine precipitated from ether are in the form of flaky crystals; melting point 102-104℃, but the crystals are unstable and easily change to crystals with melting point 86-87℃; specific rotation [α] root-120° (benzene), [α] -76° (chloroform); slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, benzene, chloroform or fatty oil. The crystals of toxic lentil base or its solution, when heated, exposed to light and air or in the presence of trace metals, can easily become red, more unstable to alkali, easily hydrolyzed into toxic lentil base, can be oxidized to red epsilon, so that the product loses its therapeutic effect. Salicylate of toxic lentil base (also known as: epsilon).

Clinical Application of Physostigmine Powder:

Physostigmine inhibits the activity of cholinesterase in the body and is a parasympathetic stimulant, mainly used in the treatment of glaucoma, with a stronger and longer lasting effect than physostigmine, lasting from a few hours to a few days. It is also used in some countries as a wake-up call for herbal anesthesia. It is unstable and must be stored in a closed, non-alkaline glass bottle protected from light and used within a week after preparation into an aqueous solution. The product is a biochemical agent. Its action with the central nervous system is summarized as excitation in small doses and inhibition in large doses. Therefore, it has been less commonly used for systemic administration and is only used in ophthalmology. It can inhibit cholinesterase, has the effect of excitation of smooth muscle and transverse muscle, can reduce the pupil, lower intraocular pressure, mainly used for glaucoma, etc. Welcome to contact us for more information.

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